Ibisubizo bya RF by'Abana bashya kuri 5G-Advanced (5.5G) n'Imiyoboro Yigenga
Guha imbaraga itumanaho ryizewe cyane kandi ridatembera neza hamwe na filters zakozwe na Multi-Physics, inkunga ya MIMO ikomeye, hamwe n'imicungire y'ubushyuhe ifite imbaraga nyinshi.
Imiterere y'itumanaho irimo guhinduka cyane. Uko tuva kuri 5G isanzwe tujya kuri 3GPP Release 18 definited 5G-Advanced (izwi nka 5.5G), ibisabwa ku bikorwa remezo bya Radio Frequency (RF) biri kugera ku rwego rudasanzwe. Interineti irimo kuba nyinshi cyane, bityo hakenewe uburyo bushya bwo kwerekana ubuziranenge no kugabanya ingaruka mbi.
Igihe cy'ihungabana rikomeye rya MIMO na Spectrum
Mu gihe cya 5.5G, imiterere y'imiyoboro ishingiye cyane kuAntena nini cyane (Massive MIMO)Nubwo iri koranabuhanga ryongera cyane imikorere myiza ya spectral n'ubushobozi bwa network, rishyira imiterere ikomeye ya RF front-end. Ibidukikije bya electromagnetic birundanyije cyane kurusha mbere hose, hamwe n'imirongo ya frequency yegeranye ifatanye neza kugira ngo ikoreshwe neza cyane.
Ubu bucucike bukabije bwa spectrum bivuze ko filter za RF zisanzwe zitagihagije. Sitasiyo za 5.5G zisaba filter zifite amasiketi aremereye cyane (ubushobozi bwo kwanga cyane) kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibimenyetso biva amaraso. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko izi sisitemu za MIMO zikomeye zishyira imbaraga nyinshi zo kohereza kugira ngo zigere ku muvuduko wa gigabit, zitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane. Ubu bushyuhe bugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku bipimo by'ibice bya filter, bigatera ikintu kizwi nka temperature drift cyangwa frequency shift, bigabanya imikorere n'ubwirinzi bwa network.
Imbogamizi zikomeye muri 5.5G
⚠️Kuzura cyane kw'amajwi:Imirimbo ifatanye cyane isaba kwangwa n'abatari basanzwe.
⚠️Impinduka nini za MIMO:Imiterere ya 64T64R na 128T128R isaba ibice bito ariko bikomeye.
⚠️Imitwaro ikabije y'ubushyuhe:Ihererekanyamakuru rikoresha imbaraga nyinshi rituma umwobo wiyongera kandi rigahindagurika inshuro nyinshi.
Imbogamizi (Inzitizi za Tekiniki)
Gukoresha imiyoboro ya 5.5G n'iy'inganda zigenga bitanga imbogamizi zidasanzwe zishingiye ku buhanga n'amashanyarazi, ibice bisanzwe bya RF bidashobora kubaho.
Interference ya Sub-6GHz Adjacent Channel
Umuyoboro wa frequency wa Sub-6GHz ni wo mushinga w’ibanze wo gushyiraho 5G na 5.5G ku isi, utanga uburinganire bwiza hagati y’aho itumanaho rigera n’aho rigera. Ariko, uko abakora itumanaho bongerera impushya zabo za spectrum, imiyoboro y’uburinzi hagati y’imiyoboro ikora iragabanuka cyane.
Uku kwegereza itumanaho bitera ikibazo gikomeye cyo kubangamira imiyoboro ya Adjacent Channel Interference (ACI). Iyo sitasiyo ifite ingufu nyinshi yohereza, urusaku n'ibicuruzwa bihuza itumanaho bishobora kuva mu maraso yo hafi aho, bigasenya burundu Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR). Ku miyoboro y'abantu ku giti cyabo ikorera mu nganda zikoresha ikoranabuhanga, iki kibazo gishobora gutera igihombo kidashoboka, kikabangamira umutekano n'imikoranire y'imashini zikoresha ikoranabuhanga.
Gusesa ubushyuhe n'ihindagurika ry'ingufu
Sitasiyo za 5.5G zikora ku rwego rwo hejuru cyane rw'ingufu kugira ngo zigumane ubwinshi bwazo kandi zigacengera mu nzu cyane. Izi ngufu za RF zihoraho zitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi mu bice bitagira aho bihurira, cyane cyane ibyuma biyungurura amazi n'ibihuza.
Uduce dusanzwe twa aluminiyumu cyangwa utw’ubutare dusanzwe tugira ikibazo cyo kwaguka k’ubushyuhe (CTE). Uko ubushyuhe bugenda bwiyongera, ingano y’uduce duto tw’ubutare bugenda bwiyongera. Mu gice cya mikoroonde, ndetse n’impinduka ntoya mu bunini bw’uduce duto cyane bitera impinduka nini cyane (Temperature Drift). Iyo frequency yo hagati itemba, agatambaro k’agace ka filter kajya mu gice cy’inzira, kagaca ikimenyetso cyagenewe kandi kagahagarika cyane imiyoboro y’itumanaho.
Ibisubizo byacu bishya
Microwave y’umuyobozi yateguye urusobe rw’ibikoresho bya RF bigezweho byagenewe by’umwihariko gutsinda imiterere mibi ya 5.5G n’imiyoboro y’abikorera ku giti cyabo. Binyuze mu bumenyi bw’ibikoresho n’ibishushanyo mbonera by’ikoranabuhanga, dutanga umusaruro uhamye.
Ibikoresho bigezweho bikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi
Kugira ngo turwanye kwaguka k'ubushyuhe, twahinduye imiterere yacu y'ibice dusimbuza ibyuma bisanzwe ibikoresho byihariye kandi birwanya ubushyuhe. Dukoresha insinga za resonator za Invar alloy (FeNi36). Invar ifite Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) hafi ya zeru, ituma ingano za resonator ziguma ari ntarengwa nubwo haba hari ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Hamwe n'utuzu two gupima tw'umuringa twakozwe neza hamwe n'ibyuma by'imbere bitwikiriwe n'ifeza, utuyunguruzo twacu tugumana ubushobozi bwo gupima neza inshuro, tugakuraho burundu ubushyuhe mu dusanduku tw'ibanze dufite ingufu nyinshi za 5.5G.
Uburyo bwo kwigana imiterere ya fiziki nyinshi
Mbere yuko igice kimwe cy'icyuma gicibwa, itsinda ryacu ry'abahanga rikoresha Porogaramu igezweho yo Gusimbuza Fiziki (ihuza isesengura ry'imiterere ya electromagnetic, thermal, na mechanical). Mu kwigana ibidukikije bifite imbaraga nyinshi mu mwanya wa virtual, dushobora kumenya aho ubushyuhe bugera n'ibibazo byo guhuza electromagnetic.
Ubu buryo buhamye butuma dushushanya imiterere myiza y’aho ibintu biherereye n’imiterere y’ubushyuhe, bigatuma ibice byacu bigira umusaruro mwiza, Q-factor yo hejuru, kandi bigatanga ubushyuhe bwiza buturutse mu kabati.
Igishushanyo cya PIM cyo hasi cyane
Passive Intermodulation (PIM) niyo yica ubushobozi bwa network bucecetse. Mu duce twa 5.5G aho itumanaho ryihuta cyane ryoherezwa icyarimwe, ibintu bitagenda neza mu bice bya RF bitanga ibimenyetso by'umwuka (PIM) bihuma amaso icyuma gikira amakuru.
Microwave y’umuyobozi ikoresha filozofiya yo gushushanya ifite PIM nkeya. Binyuze mu kubaka umwobo udafite imigozi, ahantu ho gukandaho neza, ubuhanga bwihariye bwo gusodera, no kurangiza neza ubuso, duhamya ko ibimenyetso bitagira inenge cyane. Ibice byacu bigabanya ingufu za PIM nkeya n’ibice binini bigenzura ko sitasiyo z’ibanze zongera ubuso bwazo mu gihe bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cy’ingufu cy’umukoresha.
Guha imbaraga imiyoboro y'abikorera ku giti cyabo mu nganda
Imiyoboro y’ikoranabuhanga ya 5.5G ku giti cyayo ni inkingi ikomeye y’impinduramatwara ya kane y’inganda. Ibidukikije nka Smart Factories, Automated Ports, na Deep-Shaft Mining bisaba ko network latency igabanuka ikagera kuri milisegonda, aho ubwizigame bugera kuri 99.9999%.
Amafiltre yacu ya RF, amacombine, n'amateraniro ya cable yihariye bikuraho imvururu kandi bikerekana ko amakuru y'ingenzi mu butumwa—kuva ku bikorwa bya crane kure kugeza ku mirongo ya robots—yoherezwa neza, nta gutinda cyangwa ngo ihungabanye bitewe n'urusaku rwa RF.
