Muri RF na micro-engineering, "ikiraro" gikunze kuvuga ikiraro cy'icyerekezo (cyangwa ikiraro cyo kugaruka). Tekereza nk'ubwoko bwihariye bwa coupler ikoreshwa mu gupima uburyo igikoresho gihuye na sisitemu. Dore formula z'ingenzi z'ibipimo byacyo:
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-24-2026